Hoffman Amplifiers Tube Amplifier Forum

Amp Stuff => Tube Amp Building - Tweaks - Repairs => Topic started by: Tapsnap on December 09, 2019, 09:43:27 pm

Title: Cathode bypass cap orientation question
Post by: Tapsnap on December 09, 2019, 09:43:27 pm
OK, I’m confused now. I’m sure I read here on this forum that electrolytic cathode bypass caps are soldered into the circuit upside down; that is, with the positive side connected to ground and the negative side connected to the cathode. But  I just read a whole forum discussion claiming this is wrong. Can someone here definitively settle this one way or the other
Title: Re: Cathode bypass cap orientation question
Post by: jjasilli on December 09, 2019, 10:02:18 pm
A picture is worth a thousand words:  https://el34world.com/charts/Schematics/files/Fender/Fender_champ_aa764_schematic.pdf (https://el34world.com/charts/Schematics/files/Fender/Fender_champ_aa764_schematic.pdf)
Title: Re: Cathode bypass cap orientation question
Post by: sluckey on December 09, 2019, 10:08:27 pm
I’m sure I read here on this forum that electrolytic cathode bypass caps are soldered into the circuit upside down; that is, with the positive side connected to ground and the negative side connected to the cathode.
Could you post a link to that discussion?
Title: Re: Cathode bypass cap orientation question
Post by: Tapsnap on December 09, 2019, 10:19:16 pm
Here’s the link to that article.
https://www.thegearpage.net/board/index.php?threads/backwards-cathode-bypass-cap-is-this-okay.477313/
Title: Re: Cathode bypass cap orientation question
Post by: sluckey on December 09, 2019, 10:39:59 pm
I want to see a link to the discussion on the HOFFMAN forum! You know, the one you were sure you read here, not on Gear Page.
Title: Re: Cathode bypass cap orientation question
Post by: glass54 on December 09, 2019, 10:53:15 pm
+1  :laugh:
The internet is a wonderful thing, connects us guys and we learn BUT there is the dark side ie everyone has an opinion, fact or otherwise.
You really can't go wrong with the Hoffman pages, especially with Sluckey and others guiding you.
See attached fixed bias circuit and cap orientation (by Sluckey of course). Note C17 positive terminal goes to Power Ground. I think its clear.
Kind regards
Mirek 
Title: Re: Cathode bypass cap orientation question
Post by: Joel in Texas on December 09, 2019, 10:56:23 pm
My best guess, Tapsnap, is that you have confused two terms that sound somewhat alike, and start with the same letter.

Specifically, my best guess is that you saw discussion here at Hoffman forums about the counter-intuitive, positive-terminal-to-ground orientation of the electrolytic cap in the bias supply of fixed-bias circuits, and it was NOT a discussion about cathode bypass caps.

In a fixed-bias power supply circuit, the bias supply is a negative voltage, relative to ground (-40 volts, for example).  In turn, you orient the electrolytic capacitor in the bias supply circuit with the positive terminal to ground and the negative terminal to the negative supply line.  This makes sense, because ground is "more positive" than the negative voltage of the bias supply.
Title: Re: Cathode bypass cap orientation question
Post by: PRR on December 09, 2019, 11:51:26 pm
Build it. Wear safety glasses. Connect voltmeter to cathode network, checking your red and black.

Most simple circuits, the *cathode bias* cap is "-" on ground.

(The rare back-bias scheme is the other way.)

On fixed grid bias supplies the "+" is on ground, because the live end must be NEGative. (I suspect there is an exception somewhere.)

If the black lead is more Positive than the red lead, the cap will blow-up in a minute or two. Shut down fast and fix it.
Title: Re: Cathode bypass cap orientation question
Post by: kagliostro on December 10, 2019, 01:07:19 am
Isn't it that you've also read something like this and a bit of confusion has happened?

https://el34world.com/Forum/index.php?topic=11427.0 (https://el34world.com/Forum/index.php?topic=11427.0)

Franco
Title: Re: Cathode bypass cap orientation question
Post by: Tapsnap on December 10, 2019, 07:29:48 am
Joel in Texas, you might be right. So just to be clear; the positive side goes to the cathode in a regular bypass cap situation, but the are flipped in a fixed bias circuit, right? Yes or no answers please.
Title: Re: Cathode bypass cap orientation question
Post by: Tapsnap on December 10, 2019, 07:36:36 am
Sluckey, I think I read it in the construction notes. But I can’t be sure. Anyway, I was confused.
Title: Re: Cathode bypass cap orientation question
Post by: sluckey on December 10, 2019, 07:41:48 am
The important thing is you're straight now, right?  :wink:
Title: Re: Cathode bypass cap orientation question
Post by: pdf64 on December 11, 2019, 04:31:01 am
It’s worth noting that reverse biased ecap will only ‘blow up’ if the circuit they’re in can provide sufficient energy (current). An ecap that’s connected backwards on a preamp cathode won’t explode. Rather it just won’t work as intended / expected, eg high leakage current, non linear performance.