Hoffman Amplifiers Tube Amplifier Forum

Amp Stuff => Tube Amp Building - Tweaks - Repairs => Topic started by: PharmRock on January 17, 2022, 08:23:25 am

Title: Power rating for 1-ohm bias sensing resistor
Post by: PharmRock on January 17, 2022, 08:23:25 am
On Doug's site about adding the 1-ohm resistors between pin 8 and ground, he states "Now solder one end of a one ohm three watt [emphasis added] resistor to pin eight. Solder the other end to the wire that is soldered to the chassis." https://el34world.com/charts/fenderservice5.htm (https://el34world.com/charts/fenderservice5.htm).

Why is a 3-watt resistor suggested here?  If we are setting the bias around 30-35mA, then we are looking at maybe 1 milliwatt of dissipation, correct?
P = I^2 x R = (0.03)^2 x 1 = 0.0009 watts.

Any reason I couldn't use a 1/2 watt 1% tolerance metal film?
Title: Re: Power rating for 1-ohm bias sensing resistor
Post by: acheld on January 17, 2022, 09:26:57 am
I don't know why a 3 watt resistor was called for . . .

Hoffman normally specs a 1/2 watt metal film resistor for this purpose in his kit BOMs for Fender style amps.
Title: Re: Power rating for 1-ohm bias sensing resistor
Post by: pdf64 on January 17, 2022, 09:53:27 am
I think 1/2W is fine.  Bypass it with a diode, eg 1N400x. That will limit dissipation to 0.49W (ie 0.7 x 0.7/1), eg in the case of a valve shorting.
Beefy resistors there can roast nearby stuff https://www.thegearpage.net/board/index.php?threads/6g3-brown-deluxe-build-done-final-pix.2305389/#post-33586721
Title: Re: Power rating for 1-ohm bias sensing resistor
Post by: Latole on January 17, 2022, 09:57:12 am
I always use 1/2 watt it ia way too powerfull

If you do hot bias, let say, 60 mv / mw reeding on a 1 ohms
60 X 60 = 0.00036 watts
Title: Re: Power rating for 1-ohm bias sensing resistor
Post by: PharmRock on January 17, 2022, 10:34:56 am
I think 1/2W is fine.  Bypass it with a diode, eg 1N400x. That will limit dissipation to 0.49W (ie 0.7 x 0.7/1), eg in the case of a valve shorting.
Beefy resistors there can roast nearby stuff https://www.thegearpage.net/board/index.php?threads/6g3-brown-deluxe-build-done-final-pix.2305389/#post-33586721

sounds like a good backup safety measure. 
cathode of diode towards ground, correct?
Title: Re: Power rating for 1-ohm bias sensing resistor
Post by: mresistor on January 17, 2022, 10:48:51 am
You don't need a diode - if a tube shorts and the 1 ohm resistor opens  that is a good thing.   
Title: Re: Power rating for 1-ohm bias sensing resistor
Post by: EL34 on January 17, 2022, 11:51:38 am
On Doug's site about adding the 1-ohm resistors between pin 8 and ground, he states "Now solder one end of a one ohm three watt [emphasis added] resistor to pin eight. Solder the other end to the wire that is soldered to the chassis." https://el34world.com/charts/fenderservice5.htm (https://el34world.com/charts/fenderservice5.htm).

Why is a 3-watt resistor suggested here?  If we are setting the bias around 30-35mA, then we are looking at maybe 1 milliwatt of dissipation, correct?
P = I^2 x R = (0.03)^2 x 1 = 0.0009 watts.

Any reason I couldn't use a 1/2 watt 1% tolerance metal film?


That is supposed to be 1/2 watt 1 ohm

I'll go change it
Title: Re: Power rating for 1-ohm bias sensing resistor
Post by: pdf64 on January 17, 2022, 12:23:50 pm
You don't need a diode - if a tube shorts and the 1 ohm resistor opens  that is a good thing.
I don't see it like that, better for a HT fuse to blow.
Or failing that, maybe a marginally rated screen grid resistor (if that's the fault path).
For amps lacking a HT fuse ( :w2:), a significant downside of the cathode resistor blowing is that the fault current then stresses the next weakest link in its path to 0V common, which is often the cathode-heater insulation.
Depending on how the heater circuit gets its reference, when that happens, it can cause further collaterol damage or just stress everything in its path. Which includes the expensive stuff.
Title: Re: Power rating for 1-ohm bias sensing resistor
Post by: sluckey on January 17, 2022, 12:35:58 pm
By the time that diode becomes forward biased the tube will be melted down due to insane cathode current.
Title: Re: Power rating for 1-ohm bias sensing resistor
Post by: PRR on January 17, 2022, 02:52:47 pm
Historically low-Ohm resistors were not made in small sizes. As you see, this job can't need a whole Watt.

Using a diode to "protect" a resistor seems like false thinking to me. It may weasel some flame test: diodes and even tubes do not fail in flames, while older/cheaper resistors did.

As pdf says, letting cathode float high may ultimately burn a power transformer which IS stinky and panicy. This be a good reason to over-oversize the resistor.
Title: Re: Power rating for 1-ohm bias sensing resistor
Post by: PharmRock on January 17, 2022, 03:13:33 pm
Hey guys thanks for all the info.  Based on the size of the resistor, I believe I have a 1-watt, which is what's on the board now.  I think these were pulled from the pre-populated Hoffman Plexi-100 board when I converted it to a 50-watter. 
Title: Re: Power rating for 1-ohm bias sensing resistor
Post by: pdf64 on January 17, 2022, 06:04:41 pm
Big resistors can roast stuff pretty good https://www.thegearpage.net/board/index.php?threads/6g3-brown-deluxe-build-done-final-pix.2305389/#post-33586721