What do the varistors do?
Whether we bend-pitch in the air with Doppler, or bend-pitch electronically, we need a changing phase-shift of a signal faster & slower relative to a copy of that signal whose phase is unaltered. "Faster" equates to the pitch bending upward, and "slower" equates to the pitch bending downward.
- A purely resistive circuit has no phase-difference between Voltage & Current.
- Capacitors take
time to charge up to a voltage, so they can introduce a phase-difference between Voltage & Current; Voltage is delayed.
- We can then make a circuit to create phase-shift using R & C.
- But we need the shift to be changing to get faux-Doppler in an electronic circuit; a static shift from fixed-values of R and C won't create pitch-bending. We can get there if we can vary-C or vary-R.
- Variable capacitors can be tricky & expensive. In the old days it was easier to arrange for variable R.
- This is where the "variable-resistor" or "var-istor" comes in: its resistance is constant if applied voltage is constant, but its resistance changes if the applied voltage changes.
- Magnatone's approach was to use R-C circuits to shift phase, but swap varistors in for the "R" element so that the amount of phase-shift is changing in response to a control voltage. Vi-ola, you gots pitch-bending vibrato.